- RO
- A pressure-driven membrane process that produces product water and a concentrate stream.
- NF
- A membrane process for selective separation according to water composition, membrane and conditions.
- UF
- Membrane filtration of particles and constituents according to membrane and system characteristics.
- TDS
- Total concentration of dissolved substances; it does not identify their composition.
- Recovery
- Ratio of product-water flow to feed-water flow under defined conditions.
- Permeate
- The stream that passed through the membrane.
- Concentrate
- The stream that did not pass through the membrane and may contain concentrated rejected constituents.
- Rejection
- Reduction rate of a defined constituent between feed and product under stated test conditions.
- Flux
- Water-flow rate relative to membrane area under defined conditions.
- Feed Spacer
- A feed-channel component that affects flow along a membrane element.
- Pretreatment
- Treatment stages that condition feed water for the next process and reduce operating loads and risks.
- Antiscalant
- A dosing chemical selected according to water composition and process to reduce mineral-precipitation risk.
- EDI
- A polishing process combining membranes, resins and an electric field after suitable treatment.
- Ion Exchange
- A process in which ions in water are exchanged with ions held by a resin.
- Mixed Bed
- A combination of cation and anion exchange resins for polishing in suitable applications.
- CIP
- Cleaning equipment or membranes within the system using a suitable procedure and chemicals. Nimbus does not advertise membrane-cleaning or CIP service.
Electrodeionization (EDI)
Electrodeionization (EDI) is an advanced water polishing technology used to reduce dissolved ions after upstream treatment stages.
The process combines membranes, ion-exchange media and an electrical field. Evaluation typically includes feed-water quality, target water quality and operating requirements.
Silt Density Index
Silt Density Index (SDI) is commonly used to estimate fouling potential in membrane systems.
It is often reviewed during feed-water characterization and pretreatment evaluation.
Ion Exchange
Ion exchange is a water-treatment process in which certain dissolved ions are exchanged through specialized resins.
Applications may include softening, polishing and additional industrial treatment processes.
Water Hardness
Water hardness is associated with dissolved minerals and is an important parameter during water-treatment evaluation.
Feed Water
Feed water refers to the water entering a treatment system.
Its quality influences process selection, pretreatment design and overall system planning.
Operating Pressure
Operating pressure is one of the parameters influencing membrane-system operation. It is evaluated together with feed-water quality, temperature, flow requirements and process objectives.
Product Water
Product water refers to the treated water produced by a treatment system according to project requirements.
Desalination
Desalination refers to treatment processes intended to reduce salinity and prepare water for specific applications.
Water Polishing
Water polishing refers to final treatment stages intended to further improve treated-water quality.
Water Analysis
Water analysis provides information regarding water composition and supports treatment-system evaluation.
Well Water
Well water characteristics may vary significantly and should be evaluated using site-specific water-quality data.
Municipal Water
Municipal water is supplied through public infrastructure and may vary according to location and supply conditions.
RO System
An RO system combines membranes, pretreatment, controls and supporting equipment according to project requirements.
UF System
A UF system performs membrane-based separation of particles and related constituents.
NF System
An NF system may be evaluated where selective separation objectives are required.
Flow Rate
Flow rate represents water volume moving through a system over time and is a key design parameter.
Boiler Feed Water
Boiler feed water quality is evaluated according to steam-system requirements and operating conditions.
Cooling Water
Cooling water is used in industrial heat-transfer applications.
Water Disinfection
Water disinfection refers to treatment processes intended to reduce microbiological risks.
Water Treatment System
A water treatment system combines technologies and processes intended to meet defined water-quality objectives.
Process Control
Process control includes monitoring, data collection and operational-management functions.
Brackish Water
Brackish water contains elevated dissolved solids and requires application-specific evaluation.
Seawater
Seawater is a high-salinity source commonly evaluated for desalination projects.
Membrane System
A membrane system is a water-treatment system based on membrane separation technology.
Water System Planning
Water-system planning includes source-water evaluation, treatment goals, operating conditions and maintenance considerations.
Desalination System
A desalination system is designed to reduce dissolved salts according to defined water-quality objectives. Planning includes feed-water review, pretreatment evaluation and operating requirements.
Concentrate Stream
The concentrate stream contains constituents retained during membrane treatment and may have a higher concentration than the feed water.
Rejection
Rejection describes the separation performance of a membrane relative to a defined constituent under stated test conditions.
Rinse Water
Rinse water is used in cleaning, production and operational activities. Quality requirements vary according to application.
Water Quality Control
Water quality control includes monitoring and analysis of parameters relevant to system operation and application requirements.
Biofouling
Biofouling describes biological accumulation within membrane systems and is commonly reviewed during performance evaluation.
Salt Passage
Salt passage refers to the movement of dissolved salts through a membrane under defined operating conditions.
Differential Pressure
Differential pressure refers to pressure differences measured across system components and is commonly monitored during operation.
Normalized Flow
Normalized flow is used to compare performance over time while accounting for operating conditions.
Feed Spacer
A feed spacer is a structural component used within membrane elements as part of flow-channel design.
Normalized Salt Passage
Normalized Salt Passage is a performance indicator used for long-term comparison while accounting for operating variations.
Array
Array refers to membrane-element arrangement within a treatment system.
Stage
A stage is a hydraulic section within a membrane treatment system.
Pass
A pass refers to a membrane-treatment sequence within a system.
Permeability
Permeability describes water transport characteristics through a membrane under defined conditions.
Recovery Ratio
Recovery Ratio describes the relationship between product-water flow and feed-water flow.
Selecting a water-treatment solution is an engineering and operational process. It begins with the water source, composition, variation over time, required flow, target quality, operating hours, site constraints and maintenance approach. A technology name alone is not sufficient to establish suitability.
Website information is general and is not a quotation, binding specification, fit approval or engineering approval. Scope, equipment, performance and conditions will be determined only after data review and an approved Nimbus proposal.